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[[File:NobelPrizeForLiterature.png|right|thumb|An image based on the medal which winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature receive.]]
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[[File:Nobel Prize Gold Medal.png|right|thumb|Gold medal which Nobel Prize laureates receive.]]
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The '''Nobel Prize in Literature''' (often referred to as the '''Nobel Prize for Literature''') is a prestigious international prize awarded annually to [[author]]s in recognition of their outstanding bodies of [[Literature|literary work]]. It is one of the [[wikipedia:Nobel Prize|five prizes]] established by the Swedish chemist and inventor [[wikipedia:Alfred Nobel|Alfred Nobel]] (1833–1896) in his will.
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Each year, the laureate is selected in October by the Nobel Committee of the [[wikipedia:Swedish Academy|Swedish Academy]] from a long list of candidates - usually about 200 nominations - received by the February 1 deadline. The laureate receives a gold medal and a diploma in addition to a large sum of money for the prize at a ceremony held in Stockholm.
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With the exception of eight years (1914, 1918, 1935, 1940–1943 and 2018), the prize has been awarded continuously since 1901. In 1904, the prize was jointly awarded to the Spanish author José Echegaray and the French author Frédéric Mistral. In 1917, it was jointly awarded to the Danish authots Karl Adolph Gjellerup and Henrik Pontoppidian. In 1966, it was jointly awarded to the Israeli author Shmuel Yosef Agnon and the German-born Swedish author Nelly Sachs. In 1974, it was jointly awarded to the Swedish authors Eyvind Johnson and Harry Martinson. Although no prize was awarded in the year 2018, a winner for 2018 was officially named on October 10, 2019, at the same time that the 2019 winner was announced.
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The Nobel Prize in Literature was declined by the Soviet writer Boris Pasternak in 1958 and by the French author [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] in 1966.
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==Winners==
  
==Winners==
 
{| class="wikitable"
  
{| class="wikitable"
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! Winner
  
! Winner
 
|-
  
|-
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| 2019 || [[File:peter-handke.jpg|50px]] Peter Handke ([[File:Flag of Austria.svg|20px]] Austria)
−
| 2015 || Svetlana Alexievich
  
  +
|-
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| 2018 || [[File:Olga Tokarczuk (2018).jpg|50px]] Olga Tokarczuk ([[File:flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
  +
|-
  +
| 2017 || [[File:Kazuo Ishiguro by Kubik.JPG|50px]] Kazuo Ishiguro ([[File:Flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] Japan/[[File:Flag of United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
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|-
  +
| 2016 || [[File:Bob Dylan - Azkena Rock Festival 2010 2.jpg|50px]] Bob Dylan ([[File:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]] United States)
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|-
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| 2015 || [[File:Swetlana Alexijewitsch 2013 cropped.jpg|50px]] Svetlana Alexievich ([[File:Flag of Belarus.svg|20px]] Belarus)
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|-
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| 2014 || [[File:Patrick Modiano 6 dec 2014 - 11.jpg|50px]] Patrick Modiano ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
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|-
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| 2013 || [[File:Alice Munro.jpg|50px]] Alice Munro ([[File:Flag of Canada.svg|20px]] Canada)
 
|-
  
|-
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| 2012 || [[File:Mo Yan 1 2012.jpg|50px]] Mo Yan ([[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px]] China)
−
| 2014 || Patrick Modiano
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2011 || [[File:Transtroemer.jpg|50px]] Tomas Tranströmer ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
−
| 2013 || Alice Munro
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2010 || [[File:Mario Vargas Llosa089.JPG|60px]] Mario Vargas Llosa ([[file:Flag of Peru.svg|20px]] Peru/[[File:Flag of Spain.svg|20px]] Spain)
−
| 2012 || Mo Yan
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2009 || [[File:Herta Muller.jpg|50px]] Herta Müller ([[File:Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg|20px]] Romania/[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] Germany)
−
| 2011 || Tomas Tranströmer
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2008 || [[File:Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio-press conference Dec 06th, 2008-2.jpg|50px]] Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio ([[File:flag of France.svg|20px]] France/[[File:Flag of Mauritius.svg|20px]] Mauritius)
−
| 2010 || Mario Vargas Llosa
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2007 || [[File:Doris Lessing 3.jpg|50px]] Doris Lessing ([[File:Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg|30px]] Iran/[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 2009 || Herta Müller
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2006 || [[File:Orhan Pamuk redux.jpg|50px]] [[Orhan Pamuk]] ([[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|20px]] Turkey)
−
| 2008 || Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2005 || [[File:HaroldPinter.jpg|70px]] [[Harold Pinter]] ([[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 2007 || Doris Lessing
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2004 || [[File:Elfriede jelinek 2004 small.jpg|60px]] Elfriede Jelinek ([[File:Flag of Austria.svg|20px]] Austria)
−
| 2006 || [[Orhan Pamuk]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2003 || [[File:J.M. Coetzee.JPG|50px]] John M. Coetzee ([[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|20px]] South Africa)
−
| 2005 || [[Harold Pinter]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2002 || [[File:Kertész Imre cropped.jpg|50px]] Imre Kertész ([[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|20px]] Hungary)
−
| 2004 || Elfriede Jelinek
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2001 || [[File:VS Naipal 2016 Dhaka.jpg|70px]] [[V.S. Naipaul]] ([[File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|20px]] Trinidad and Tobago/[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 2003 || John M. Coetzee
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 2000 || [[File:Gao Xingjian.jpg|50px]] Gao Xingjian ([[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px]] China/[[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
−
| 2002 || Imre Kertész
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1999 || [[File:GRASSFFM.jpg|50px]] Günter Grass ([[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] Germany)
−
| 2001 || [[V.S. Naipaul]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1998 || [[File:JSJoseSaramago.jpg|50px]] José Saramago ([[File:flag of Portugal.svg|20px]] Portugal)
−
| 2000 || Gao Xingjian
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1997 || [[File:Dario Fo-Cesena.jpg|50px]] Dario Fo ([[File:Flag of Italy.svg|20px]] Italy)
−
| 1999 || Günter Grass
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1996 || [[file:Szymborska 2011 (1).jpg|45px]] Wisława Szymborska ([[File:Flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
−
| 1998 || José Saramago
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1995 || [[File:Seamus Heaney (cropped).jpg|50px]] Seamus Heaney ([[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Ireland)
−
| 1997 || Dario Fo
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1994 || [[File:Oe Kenzaburo 1-2.jpg|50px]] Kenzaburō Ōe ([[file:flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] Japan)
−
| 1996 || Wislawa Szymborska
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1993 || [[File:Toni Morrison 2008-2.jpg|50px]] [[Toni Morrison]] ([[File:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]] United States)
−
| 1995 || Seamus Heaney
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1992 || [[file:Derek Walcott.jpg|50px]] Derek Walcott ([[File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|20px]] Saint Lucia)
−
| 1994 || Kenzaburo Oe
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1991 || [[File:Nadine Gordimer 01.JPG|50px]] Nadine Gordimer ([[File:Flag of South Africa (1928-1994).svg|20px]] South Africa)
−
| 1993 || [[Toni Morrison]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
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| 1990 || [[File:paz0.jpg|50px]] Octavio Paz ([[File:Flag of Mexico.svg|20px]] Mexico)
−
| 1992 || Derek Walcott
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1989 || [[File:Camilo José Cela Madrid 1996.jpg|50px]] Camilo José Cela ([[File:Flag of Spain.svg|20px]] Spain)
−
| 1991 || Nadine Gordimer
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1988 || [[File:Necip Mahfuz.jpg|50px]] [[Naguib Mahfouz]] ([[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|20px]] Egypt)
−
| 1990 || Octavio Paz
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1987 || [[File:Joseph Brodsky 1988.jpg|50px]] Joseph Brodsky ([[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|20px]] Soviet Union/[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]] United States)
−
| 1989 || Camilo José Cela
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1986 || [[File:WoleSoyinka2015.jpg|50px]] Wole Soyinka ([[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|20px]] Nigeria)
−
| 1988 || Naguib Mahfouz
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1985 || [[File:Claude Simon 1967.jpg|50px]] Claude Simon ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] French Madagascar/France)
−
| 1987 || Joseph Brodsky
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1984 || [[File:Jaroslav Seifert 1981 foto Hana Hamplová.jpg|50px]] Jaroslav Seifert ([[File:Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg|20px]] Czechoslovakia)
−
| 1986 || Wole Soyinka
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1983 ||[[File:william Golding 1983.jpg|50px]] William Golding ([[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 1985 || Claude Simon
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1982 || [[File:Gabriel Garcia Marquez.jpg|50px]] Gabriel García Márquez ([[File:Flag of Colombia.svg|20px]] Colombia)
−
| 1984 || Jaroslav Seifert
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1981 || [[File:Elias Canetti 2.jpg|50px]] Elias Canetti ([[file:flag of Bulgaria.svg|20px]] Bulgaria/[[file:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 1983 || William Golding
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1980 || [[File:Czesław Miłosz 1986 (alt).jpg|50px]] [[Czesław Miłosz]] ([[File:Flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
−
| 1982 || Gabriel García Márquez
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1979 || [[File:Odysseas Elytis 1974.jpg|50px]] Odysseas Elytis ([[File:Flag of Greece.svg|20px]] Greece)
−
| 1981 || Elias Canetti
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1978 || [[File:Isaac Bashevis Singer (upright) crop.jpg|50px]] Isaac Bashevis Singer ([[file:Flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland/[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]] United States)
−
| 1980 || [[Czesław Miłosz]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1977 || [[File:Vicente Aleixandre.jpg|50px]] Vicente Aleixandre ([[File:Flag of Spain (1945 - 1977).svg|20px]] Spain)
−
| 1979 || Odysseas Elytis
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1976 || [[File:Saul Bellow.jpg|50px]] Saul Bellow ([[File:flag of Canada.svg|20px]] Canada/[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]] United States)
−
| 1978 || Isaac Bashevis Singer
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1975 || [[File:Eugenio Montale.jpg|50px]] Eugenio Montale ([[File:Flag of Italy.svg|20px]] Italy)
−
| 1977 || Vicente Alexandre
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1974 || [[File:Eyvind.JPG|50px]] Eyvind Johnson ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
−
| 1976 || Saul Bellow
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1974 || [[File:Harry Martinson.jpg|50px]] Harry Martinson ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
−
| 1975 || Eugenio Montale
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1973 || [[File:Patrick White 1973.jpg|50px]] Patrick White ([[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom/[[File:Flag of Australia.svg|20px]] Australia)
−
| 1974 || Eyvind Johnson
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1972 || [[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F062164-0004, Bonn, Heinrich Böll.jpg|50px]] Heinrich Böll ([[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] West Germany)
−
| 1973 || Patrick White
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1971 || [[File:Pablo Neruda 1963.jpg|50px]] Pablo Neruda ([[File:Flag of Chile.svg|20px]] Chile)
−
| 1972 || Heinrich Boll
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1970 || [[File:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1974crop.jpg|50px]] [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]] ([[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|30px]] Soviet Union)
−
| 1971 || Pablo Neruda
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1969 || [[File:samuel Beckett, f11.jpg|50px]] [[Samuel Beckett]] ([[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Ireland)
−
| 1970 || [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1968 || [[File:Yasunari Kawabata c1932.jpg|50px]] Kawabata Yasunari ([[file:Flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] Japan)
−
| 1969 || [[Samuel Beckett]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1967 || [[File:Asturiasisrael.jpg|50px]] Miguel Ángel Asturias ([[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|20px]] Guatemala)
−
| 1968 || Kawabata Yasunari
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1966 || [[File:Agnon.jpg|50px]] Shmuel Yosef Agnon ([[File:Flag of Israel.svg|20px]] Israel)
−
| 1967 || Miguel Angel Asturias
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1966 || [[File:Nelly Sachs 1966.jpg|50px]] Nelly Sachs ([[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] Germany/[[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
−
| 1966 || Awarded jointly to Shmuel Yosef Agnon and Nelly Sachs
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1965 || Mikhail Sholokov
 +
| 1965 || [[File:Sholokhov-1938.jpg|50px]] Mikhail Sholokov ([[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|30px]] Soviet Union)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1964 || Jean-Paul Sartre
 +
| 1964 || [[file:Jean-Paul Sartre FP.JPG|50px]] [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1963 || Giorgos Seferis
 +
| 1963 || [[File:Giorgos Seferis 1963.jpg|50px]] Giorgos Seferis ([[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|20px]] Greece)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1962 || [[John Steinbeck]]
 +
| 1962 || [[File:JohnSteinbeck crop.JPG|50px]] [[John Steinbeck]] ([[File:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]] United States)
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1961 || [[File:S. Kragujevic, Ivo Andric, 1961.jpg|50px]] Ivo Andrić ([[File:Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg|20px]] Yugoslavia)
−
| 1961 || Ivo Andric
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1960 || Saint-John Perse
 +
| 1960 || [[File:Saint-John Perse 1960.jpg|50px]] Saint-John Perse ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1959 || Salvatore Quasimodo
 +
| 1959 || [[File:Salvatore Quasimodo 1959.jpg|50px]] Salvatore Quasimodo ([[File:Flag of Italy.svg|20px]] Italy)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1958 || Boris Pasternak
 +
| 1958 || [[File:1990 CPA 6257.jpg|50px]] Boris Pasternak ([[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|30px]] Soviet Union)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1957 || [[Albert Camus]]
 +
| 1957 || [[File:Camus3.jpg|50px]] [[Albert Camus]] ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] French Algeria/France)
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1956 || [[File:JRJimenez.JPG|50px]] Juan Ramón Jiménez ([[File:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|20px]] Spain/[[File:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg|20px]] Puerto Rico)
−
| 1956 || Juan Ramon Jimenez
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1955 || [[File:Laxness portrett einar hakonarson 1984.jpg|50px]] Halldór Laxness ([[File:Flag of Iceland.svg|20px]] Iceland)
−
| 1955 || Halldor Laxness
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1954 || [[Ernest Hemingway]]
 +
| 1954 || [[File:Ernest Hemingway 1950 crop.jpg|50px]] [[Ernest Hemingway]] ([[File:US flag 48 stars.svg|20px]] United States)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1953 || [[Winston Churchill]]
 +
| 1953 || [[File:Sir Winston S Churchill.jpg|50px]] [[Winston Churchill]] ([[file:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1952 || [[File:François Mauriac 1952.jpg|50px]] François Mauriac ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
  
| 1952 || [[File:François Mauriac 1952.jpg|50px]] François Mauriac ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1951
  
| 1951
−
| data-rtemspaces-after-last-cell="1"| Par Lagerkvist
 +
| data-rtemspaces-after-last-cell="1"| [[File:lagerkvist.jpg|50px]] Pär Lagerkvist ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1950 || [[File:Bertrand Russell transparent bg.png|50px]] Bertrand Russell ([[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 1950 || Bertrand Russell
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1949 || [[William Faulkner]]
 +
| 1949 || [[File:Carl Van Vechten - William Faulkner.jpg|50px]] [[William Faulkner]] ([[File:US flag 48 stars.svg|20px]] United States)
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1948 || [[File:T.S. Eliot, 1923.JPG|50px]] [[T.S. Eliot]] ([[File:US 38 Star Flag concentric circles.svg|20px]] United States/[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
−
| 1948 || [[T.S. Eliot]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1947 || [[André Gide]]
 +
| 1947 || [[File:André Gide 1947.jpg|50px]] [[André Gide]] ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1946 || [[File:Hermann Hesse 1927 Photo Gret Widmann.jpg|50px]] [[Hermann Hesse]] ([[File:flag of Germany.svg|20px]] Germany/[[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|15px]] Switzerland)
−
| 1946 || [[Hermann Hesse]]
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1945 || Gabriela Mistral
 +
| 1945 || [[File:Gabriela Mistral-01.jpg|50px]] Gabriela Mistral ([[File:Flag of Chile.svg|20px]] Chile)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1944 || Johannes Vilhelm Jensen
 +
| 1944 || [[File:Johannes Vilhelm Jensen 1944.jpg|50px]] Johannes Vilhelm Jensen ([[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px]] Denmark)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1943 || ''No prize awarded''
  
| 1943 || ''No prize awarded''
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| 1940 || ''No prize awarded''
  
| 1940 || ''No prize awarded''
 
|-
  
|-
  +
| 1939 || [[File:FransSillanpaa02.jpg|50px]] Frans Eemil Sillanpää ([[File:Flag of Finland.svg|20px]] Finland)
−
| 1939 || Frans Eeemil Sillanpaa
  
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1938 || [[Pearl S. Buck]]
 +
| 1938 || [[File:PearlSBuck.jpg|50px]] [[Pearl S. Buck]] ([[File:US flag 48 stars.svg|20px]] United States)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1937 || Roger Martin du Gard
 +
| 1937 || [[File:Roger Martin du Gard 1937.jpg|50px]] Roger Martin du Gard ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1936 || [[File:Eugene O'Neill 1936.jpg|50px]] Eugene O'Neiill [[File:US flag 48 stars.svg|20px]] United States)
  
| 1936 || [[File:Eugene O'Neill 1936.jpg|50px]] Eugene O'Neiill [[File:US flag 48 stars.svg|20px]] United States)
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| 1929 || [[File:Thomas Mann 1929.jpg|50px]] Thomas Mann ([[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] Germany)
  
| 1929 || [[File:Thomas Mann 1929.jpg|50px]] Thomas Mann ([[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] Germany)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1928 || [[File:sigrid Undset crop.jpg|50px]] Sigrid Undset ([[File:flag of Norway.svg|20px]] Norway)
 +
| 1928 || [[File:sigrid Undset crop.jpg|50px]] Sigrid Undset ([[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px]] Denmark/[[File:flag of Norway.svg|20px]] Norway)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1927 || [[File:Henri Bergson (Nobel).jpg|50px]] Henri Bergson ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
  
| 1927 || [[File:Henri Bergson (Nobel).jpg|50px]] Henri Bergson ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
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| 1926 || [[File:Grazia Deledda 1926.jpg|50px]] Grazia Deledda ([[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|20px]] Italy)
  
| 1926 || [[File:Grazia Deledda 1926.jpg|50px]] Grazia Deledda ([[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|20px]] Italy)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1925 || [[File:G Bernard Shaw.jpg|50px]] George Bernard Shaw ([[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Ireland)
 +
| 1925 || [[File:G Bernard Shaw.jpg|50px]] George Bernard Shaw ([[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Ireland)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1924 || [[File:Wladyslaw Reymont 1924.jpg|50px]] Wladyslaw Reymont ([[file:Flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
 +
| 1924 || [[File:Wladyslaw Reymont 1924.jpg|50px]] Władysław Reymont ([[file:Flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1923 || [[File:William Butler Yeats 1.jpg|50px]] W.B. Yeats ([[file:flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Ireland)
  
| 1923 || [[File:William Butler Yeats 1.jpg|50px]] W.B. Yeats ([[file:flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Ireland)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1922 || [[File:Jacinto Benavente.jpg|50px]] Jacinto Benavente ([[File:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|20px]] Spain)
 +
| 1922 || [[File:Jacinto Benavente.jpg|50px]] Jacinto Benavente ([[File:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|20px]] Spain)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1921 || [[File:AnatoleFrance.JPG|50px]] Anatole France ([[file:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 +
| 1921 || [[File:AnatoleFrance.JPG|50px]] Anatole France ([[file:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1920 || [[File:Knut Hamsun.jpeg|50px]] Knut Hamsun ([[File:Flag of Norway.svg|20px]] Norway)
 +
| 1920 || [[File:Knut Hamsun.jpeg|50px]] Knut Hamsun ([[File:Flag of Norway.svg|20px]] Norway)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1919 || [[file:Carl spitteler 1905.jpg|50px]] Carl Spitteler [[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|20px]] Switzerland)
 +
| 1919 || [[file:Carl spitteler 1905.jpg|50px]] Carl Spitteler ([[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|20px]] Switzerland)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1918 || ''No prize awarded''
  
| 1918 || ''No prize awarded''
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| 1917 || [[File:Henrik Pontoppidan 1917.jpg|50px]] Henrik Pontoppidan ([[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px]] Denmark)
  
| 1917 || [[File:Henrik Pontoppidan 1917.jpg|50px]] Henrik Pontoppidan ([[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px]] Denmark)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1917 || [[File:Karl Gjellerup.jpg|50px]] Karl Adolph Gjellerup ([[file:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px]] Denmark) and Henrik Pontoppidan
 +
| 1917 || [[File:Karl Gjellerup.jpg|50px]] Karl Adolph Gjellerup ([[file:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px]] Denmark)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1916 || [[File:Johan Krouthén - Porträtt av Verner von Heidenstam.jpg|50px]] Verner von Heidenstam ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
  
| 1916 || [[File:Johan Krouthén - Porträtt av Verner von Heidenstam.jpg|50px]] Verner von Heidenstam ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
Line 213: Line 233:
 
| 1914 || ''No prize awarded''
  
| 1914 || ''No prize awarded''
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1913 || [[File:rabindranath Tagore in 1909.jpg|50px]] Rabindranath Tagore ([[File:British Raj Red Ensign.svg|30px]] India)
 +
| 1913 || [[File:rabindranath Tagore in 1909.jpg|50px]] Rabindranath Tagore ([[File:British Raj Red Ensign.svg|30px]] India)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1912 || [[File:Gerhart Hauptmann nobel.jpg|50px]] Gerhart Hauptmann ([[file:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
  
| 1912 || [[File:Gerhart Hauptmann nobel.jpg|50px]] Gerhart Hauptmann ([[file:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
Line 221: Line 241:
 
| 1910 || [[File:Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel 042.jpg|50px]] Paul von Heyse ([[File:flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
  
| 1910 || [[File:Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel 042.jpg|50px]] Paul von Heyse ([[File:flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1909 || [[File:Selma henry b goodwin.jpg|50px]] Selma Lagerlof ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
 +
| 1909 || [[File:Selma henry b goodwin.jpg|50px]] Selma Lagerlöf ([[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|20px]] Sweden)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1908 || [[File:Rudolf Christoph Eucken.jpg|50px]] Rudolph Christoph Eucken ([[File:flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
  
| 1908 || [[File:Rudolf Christoph Eucken.jpg|50px]] Rudolph Christoph Eucken ([[File:flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1907 || [[File:RudyardKipling1880s.jpg|50px]] [[Rudyard Kipling]] ([[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
 +
| 1907 || [[File:RudyardKipling1880s.jpg|50px]] [[Rudyard Kipling]] ([[File:British Raj Red Ensign.svg|25px]] India/[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px]] United Kingdom)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1906 || [[File:carducci.jpg|50px]] Giosue Carducci ([[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|20px]] Italy)
 +
| 1906 || [[File:Carducci.jpg|50px]] Giosuè Carducci ([[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|20px]] Italy)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1905 || [[File:Henryk Sienkiewicz.jpg|50px]] Henryk Sienkiewicz ([[File:Flag of Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
 +
| 1905 || [[File:Henryk Sienkiewicz.jpg|50px]] Henryk Sienkiewicz ([[File:military ensign of Vistula Flotilla of Congress Poland.svg|20px]] Poland)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1904 || [[File:Clement-Frederic-Mistral.jpg|50px]] Frédéric Mistral ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
  
| 1904 || [[File:Clement-Frederic-Mistral.jpg|50px]] Frédéric Mistral ([[File:Flag of France.svg|20px]] France)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1904 || [[File:joseEchegaray.jpg|50px]] José Echegaray ([[file:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|20px]] Spain)
 +
| 1904 || [[File:joseEchegaray.jpg|50px]] José Echegaray ([[file:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|20px]] Spain)
 
|-
  
|-
−
| 1903 || [[File:Bjornson.jpg|50px]] Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson ([[File:Flag of Norway.svg|20px]] Norway)
 +
| 1903 || [[File:Bjornson.jpg|50px]] Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson ([[File:Union Jack of Sweden and Norway (1844-1905).svg|20px]] Norway)
 
|-
  
|-
 
| 1902 || [[File:T-mommsen-2.jpg|50px]] Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen ([[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
  
| 1902 || [[File:T-mommsen-2.jpg|50px]] Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen ([[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px]] German Empire)
Line 244: Line 264:
 
==External links==
  
==External links==
 
* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/ Official website of the Nobel Prize for Literature.]
  
* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/ Official website of the Nobel Prize for Literature.]
−
{{stub}}
  
 
[[es:Premio Nobel de Literatura]]
  
[[es:Premio Nobel de Literatura]]
 
[[Category:Nobel Prize Winning|*]]
  
[[Category:Nobel Prize Winning|*]]

Revision as of 06:02, 11 October 2019

Nobel Prize Gold Medal

Gold medal which Nobel Prize laureates receive.

The Nobel Prize in Literature (often referred to as the Nobel Prize for Literature) is a prestigious international prize awarded annually to authors in recognition of their outstanding bodies of literary work. It is one of the five prizes established by the Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel (1833–1896) in his will.

Each year, the laureate is selected in October by the Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy from a long list of candidates - usually about 200 nominations - received by the February 1 deadline. The laureate receives a gold medal and a diploma in addition to a large sum of money for the prize at a ceremony held in Stockholm.

With the exception of eight years (1914, 1918, 1935, 1940–1943 and 2018), the prize has been awarded continuously since 1901. In 1904, the prize was jointly awarded to the Spanish author José Echegaray and the French author Frédéric Mistral. In 1917, it was jointly awarded to the Danish authots Karl Adolph Gjellerup and Henrik Pontoppidian. In 1966, it was jointly awarded to the Israeli author Shmuel Yosef Agnon and the German-born Swedish author Nelly Sachs. In 1974, it was jointly awarded to the Swedish authors Eyvind Johnson and Harry Martinson. Although no prize was awarded in the year 2018, a winner for 2018 was officially named on October 10, 2019, at the same time that the 2019 winner was announced.

The Nobel Prize in Literature was declined by the Soviet writer Boris Pasternak in 1958 and by the French author Jean-Paul Sartre in 1966.

Winners

Year Winner
2019 Peter-handke Peter Handke (Flag of Austria Austria)
2018 Olga Tokarczuk (2018) Olga Tokarczuk (Flag of Poland Poland)
2017 Kazuo Ishiguro by Kubik Kazuo Ishiguro (Flag of Japan Japan/Flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom)
2016 Bob Dylan - Azkena Rock Festival 2010 2 Bob Dylan (Flag of the United States United States)
2015 Swetlana Alexijewitsch 2013 cropped Svetlana Alexievich (Flag of Belarus Belarus)
2014 Patrick Modiano 6 dec 2014 - 11 Patrick Modiano (Flag of France France)
2013 Alice Munro Alice Munro (Flag of Canada Canada)
2012 Mo Yan 1 2012 Mo Yan (Flag of the People's Republic of China China)
2011 Transtroemer Tomas Tranströmer (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
2010 Mario Vargas Llosa089 Mario Vargas Llosa (Flag of Peru Peru/Flag of Spain Spain)
2009 Herta Muller Herta Müller (Flag of Romania (1965-1989) Romania/Flag of Germany Germany)
2008 Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio-press conference Dec 06th, 2008-2 Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (Flag of France France/Flag of Mauritius Mauritius)
2007 Doris Lessing 3 Doris Lessing (Flag of Persia (1910-1925) Iran/Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
2006 Orhan Pamuk redux Orhan Pamuk (Flag of Turkey Turkey)
2005 HaroldPinter Harold Pinter (Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
2004 Elfriede jelinek 2004 small Elfriede Jelinek (Flag of Austria Austria)
2003 J.M. Coetzee John M. Coetzee (Flag of South Africa South Africa)
2002 Kertész Imre cropped Imre Kertész (Flag of Hungary Hungary)
2001 VS Naipal 2016 Dhaka V.S. Naipaul (Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago/Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
2000 Gao Xingjian Gao Xingjian (Flag of the People's Republic of China China/Flag of France France)
1999 GRASSFFM Günter Grass (Flag of Germany Germany)
1998 JSJoseSaramago José Saramago (Flag of Portugal Portugal)
1997 Dario Fo-Cesena Dario Fo (Flag of Italy Italy)
1996 Szymborska 2011 (1) Wisława Szymborska (Flag of Poland Poland)
1995 Seamus Heaney (cropped) Seamus Heaney (Flag of Ireland Ireland)
1994 Oe Kenzaburo 1-2 Kenzaburō Ōe (Flag of Japan Japan)
1993 Toni Morrison 2008-2 Toni Morrison (Flag of the United States United States)
1992 Derek Walcott Derek Walcott (Flag of Saint Lucia Saint Lucia)
1991 Nadine Gordimer 01 Nadine Gordimer (Flag of South Africa (1928-1994) South Africa)
1990 Paz0 Octavio Paz (Flag of Mexico Mexico)
1989 Camilo José Cela Madrid 1996 Camilo José Cela (Flag of Spain Spain)
1988 Necip Mahfuz Naguib Mahfouz (Flag of Egypt Egypt)
1987 Joseph Brodsky 1988 Joseph Brodsky (Flag of the Soviet Union Soviet Union/Flag of the United States United States)
1986 WoleSoyinka2015 Wole Soyinka (Flag of Nigeria Nigeria)
1985 Claude Simon 1967 Claude Simon (Flag of France French Madagascar/France)
1984 Jaroslav Seifert 1981 foto Hana Hamplová Jaroslav Seifert (Flag of Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia)
1983 William Golding 1983 William Golding (Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1982 Gabriel Garcia Marquez Gabriel García Márquez (Flag of Colombia Colombia)
1981 Elias Canetti 2 Elias Canetti (Flag of Bulgaria Bulgaria/Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1980 Czesław Miłosz 1986 (alt) Czesław Miłosz (Flag of Poland Poland)
1979 Odysseas Elytis 1974 Odysseas Elytis (Flag of Greece Greece)
1978 Isaac Bashevis Singer (upright) crop Isaac Bashevis Singer (Flag of Poland Poland/Flag of the United States United States)
1977 Vicente Aleixandre Vicente Aleixandre (Flag of Spain (1945 - 1977) Spain)
1976 Saul Bellow Saul Bellow (Flag of Canada Canada/Flag of the United States United States)
1975 Eugenio Montale Eugenio Montale (Flag of Italy Italy)
1974 Eyvind Eyvind Johnson (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1974 Harry Martinson Harry Martinson (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1973 Patrick White 1973 Patrick White (Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom/Flag of Australia Australia)
1972 Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F062164-0004, Bonn, Heinrich Böll Heinrich Böll (Flag of Germany West Germany)
1971 Pablo Neruda 1963 Pablo Neruda (Flag of Chile Chile)
1970 Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1974crop Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (Flag of the Soviet Union Soviet Union)
1969 Samuel Beckett, f11 Samuel Beckett (Flag of Ireland Ireland)
1968 Yasunari Kawabata c1932 Kawabata Yasunari (Flag of Japan Japan)
1967 Asturiasisrael Miguel Ángel Asturias (Flag of Guatemala Guatemala)
1966 Agnon Shmuel Yosef Agnon (Flag of Israel Israel)
1966 Nelly Sachs 1966 Nelly Sachs (Flag of Germany Germany/Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1965 File:Sholokhov-1938.jpg Mikhail Sholokov (Flag of the Soviet Union Soviet Union)
1964 Jean-Paul Sartre FP Jean-Paul Sartre (Flag of France France)
1963 Giorgos Seferis 1963 Giorgos Seferis (Flag of Greece (1822-1978) Greece)
1962 JohnSteinbeck crop John Steinbeck (Flag of the United States United States)
1961 S. Kragujevic, Ivo Andric, 1961 Ivo Andrić (Flag of SFR Yugoslavia Yugoslavia)
1960 Saint-John Perse 1960 Saint-John Perse (Flag of France France)
1959 Salvatore Quasimodo 1959 Salvatore Quasimodo (Flag of Italy Italy)
1958 1990 CPA 6257 Boris Pasternak (Flag of the Soviet Union Soviet Union)
1957 Camus3 Albert Camus (Flag of France French Algeria/France)
1956 JRJimenez Juan Ramón Jiménez (Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931) Spain/Flag of Puerto Rico Puerto Rico)
1955 Laxness portrett einar hakonarson 1984 Halldór Laxness (Flag of Iceland Iceland)
1954 Ernest Hemingway 1950 crop Ernest Hemingway (US flag 48 stars United States)
1953 Sir Winston S Churchill Winston Churchill (Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1952 François Mauriac 1952 François Mauriac (Flag of France France)
1951 Lagerkvist Pär Lagerkvist (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1950 Bertrand Russell transparent bg Bertrand Russell (Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1949 Carl Van Vechten - William Faulkner William Faulkner (US flag 48 stars United States)
1948 T.S. Eliot, 1923 T.S. Eliot (US 38 Star Flag concentric circles United States/Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1947 André Gide 1947 André Gide (Flag of France France)
1946 Hermann Hesse 1927 Photo Gret Widmann Hermann Hesse (Flag of Germany Germany/Flag of Switzerland Switzerland)
1945 Gabriela Mistral-01 Gabriela Mistral (Flag of Chile Chile)
1944 Johannes Vilhelm Jensen 1944 Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (Flag of Denmark Denmark)
1943 No prize awarded
1942 No prize awarded
1941 No prize awarded
1940 No prize awarded
1939 FransSillanpaa02 Frans Eemil Sillanpää (Flag of Finland Finland)
1938 PearlSBuck Pearl S. Buck (US flag 48 stars United States)
1937 Roger Martin du Gard 1937 Roger Martin du Gard (Flag of France France)
1936 Eugene O'Neill 1936 Eugene O'Neiill US flag 48 stars United States)
1935 No prize awarded
1934 Luigi Pirandello 1932 Luigi Pirandello (Flag of Italy (1861-1946) Italy)
1933 Ivan Bunin (sepia) Ivan Bunin (Flag of Russia Russian Empire/Flag of France France)
1932 John galsworthy John Galsworthy (Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1931 Erik Axel Karlfeldt 1931 Erik Axel Karlfedt (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1930 Sinclair Lewis 1930 Sinclair Lewis (US flag 48 stars United States)
1929 Thomas Mann 1929 Thomas Mann (Flag of Germany Germany)
1928 Sigrid Undset crop Sigrid Undset (Flag of Denmark Denmark/Flag of Norway Norway)
1927 Henri Bergson (Nobel) Henri Bergson (Flag of France France)
1926 Grazia Deledda 1926 Grazia Deledda (Flag of Italy (1861-1946) Italy)
1925 G Bernard Shaw George Bernard Shaw (Flag of Ireland Ireland)
1924 Wladyslaw Reymont 1924 Władysław Reymont (Flag of Poland Poland)
1923 William Butler Yeats 1 W.B. Yeats (Flag of Ireland Ireland)
1922 Jacinto Benavente Jacinto Benavente (Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931) Spain)
1921 AnatoleFrance Anatole France (Flag of France France)
1920 Knut Hamsun Knut Hamsun (Flag of Norway Norway)
1919 Carl spitteler 1905 Carl Spitteler (Flag of Switzerland Switzerland)
1918 No prize awarded
1917 Henrik Pontoppidan 1917 Henrik Pontoppidan (Flag of Denmark Denmark)
1917 Karl Gjellerup Karl Adolph Gjellerup (Flag of Denmark Denmark)
1916 Johan Krouthén - Porträtt av Verner von Heidenstam Verner von Heidenstam (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1915 Romain Rolland 1915 Roman Rolland (Flag of France France)
1914 No prize awarded
1913 Rabindranath Tagore in 1909 Rabindranath Tagore (British Raj Red Ensign India)
1912 Gerhart Hauptmann nobel Gerhart Hauptmann (Flag of the German Empire German Empire)
1911 Maurice Maeterlinck Maurice Maeterlinck (Flag of Belgium Belgium)
1910 Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel 042 Paul von Heyse (Flag of the German Empire German Empire)
1909 Selma henry b goodwin Selma Lagerlöf (Flag of Sweden Sweden)
1908 Rudolf Christoph Eucken Rudolph Christoph Eucken (Flag of the German Empire German Empire)
1907 RudyardKipling1880s Rudyard Kipling (British Raj Red Ensign India/Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom)
1906 Carducci Giosuè Carducci (Flag of Italy (1861-1946) Italy)
1905 Henryk Sienkiewicz Henryk Sienkiewicz (Military ensign of Vistula Flotilla of Congress Poland Poland)
1904 Clement-Frederic-Mistral Frédéric Mistral (Flag of France France)
1904 JoseEchegaray José Echegaray (Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931) Spain)
1903 Bjornson Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson (Union Jack of Sweden and Norway (1844-1905) Norway)
1902 T-mommsen-2 Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (Flag of the German Empire German Empire)
1901 Sully-Prudhomme Sully Prudhomme (Flag of France France)

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